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PGM 1424 ‘APPLEFISH’ : jun 26-jul 3

Pgm 1424 banner image: APPLEFISH

We’re floating on a luxurious bed of pipe organ—the first thing you hear on the 2022 debut album of Bristol, England, electronic musician NICOLA “NIK” DAVIESbest known by her recording alias APPLEFISH.

By our unofficial count, she’s a member of the seventh or eighth generation of electronic musicians, starting from its formative years in the 1920s and 30s at the dawn of playable electronic instruments like the Russian Theremin and the French Ondes Martenot. From the 1930s to the 1960s, a handful of academic laboratories became the venues for the development of electronic music and electro-acoustic tape music. They had the real estate, the hardware, and the money.

The transition from academic to popular electronic music was driven by the invention of analog synthesizers in the 1970s. Relatively affordable instruments and recording tools enabled a new generation of popular electronic artists in Germany like TANGERINE DREAM, KLAUS SCHULZE, and ASHRA, who invented a cosmic sound that went viral and spread to Europe, the U.S. and Japan.

That’s where Hearts of Space began, as a Bay Area late night radio program in 1973, and then a nationally syndicated program in 1983, with a mission to expand the audience for “ambient, space, atmospheric and contemplative music.”

Disco had pioneered use of electronic instruments in dance music in the late 1960s. By the 1980’s a new generation of creative DJs and live performers attracted a worldwide audience for high-energy EDM (Electronic Dance Music). BRIAN ENO defined Ambient in 1978, while a group of serious electronic composers and recording artists like STEVE ROACH, MICHAEL STEARNS, ROBERT RICH, and thousands more around the world, made personal artistic music, and self-released it on cassette and CD. Today they upload it to free or inexpensive internet streaming services that provide effortless access to a worldwide audience.

And it is here, dear space fan, that we encounter the latest generation of electronic recording artists like the subject of this program, NICOLA “NIK” DAVIES aka APPLEFISH. She describes her music with precision as “a fusion of space ambient, downtempo, and electronica, with substantial cross-pollination from drone, psy-chill, and modern classical genres. Much of the Applefish discography explores cosmic and astronomical themes, guiding listeners through ethereal voyages and otherworldly realms. The music interlaces immersive atmospheres with subtle, yet evocative melodic lines and layered, shimmering textures, intentionally evoking a sense of deep introspection and cosmic wonder.”

Thanks, Nik. Could not have said it better. Early music by APPLEFISH… on this transmission… of Hearts of Space.

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PGM 913R : ‘TRANS-ASIAN DIFFUSION’ : june 18-25

The term “The Silk Road” was invented by a German geographer in 1877. He was describing trade routes that go back to the Han Dynasty of China over 2000 years ago, connecting Europe with the major cultures of the Asian world…by land and by sea. The driving force was commercial, but like the Internet today, it also enabled the spread of social communication, technology, culture, food, and music.

In 1940 American anthropologist ALBERT KROEBER came up with a fancy name for the process: “Trans-Cultural Diffusion.” In music, traditions from many countries and intersecting influences over many centuries make sorting it out a challenge. There are common instruments, rhythms, scales, and approaches to making music. Each country added its own distinctive elements, and the process continues today—at electronic speed.

On this transmission of Hearts of Space….music derived from those way stations on the Silk Road…on a program called “TRANS-ASIAN DIFFUSION.” Music is by BOB HOLROYD, FRITZ HEEDE, TARIK BANZI, ANOUAR BRAHEM, OMAR FARUK TEKBILEK, ROBERT RICH & LISA MOSKOW, BENJY WERTHEIMER & DAVID MICHAEL.

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PGM 914R ‘DREAM TRACKER’ : jun.12-19

For several decades, a small group of Western musicians have studied the ancient practice of shamanism and shamanistic music, as a way of deepening their art and their connection to the natural world.

In aboriginal and tribal cultures from the Arctic to Australia, the role of the shaman was to bridge the human and the spirit world for guidance and healing. Today, neo-shamanism and neo-shamanistic music express a longing for direct spirituality, wholeness and harmony with nature that some find lacking in our culture.

Starting from prehistoric forms of music and aboriginal instruments like the rattle, the drum, the bone whistle and the didgeridoo, they added the ambient dimensions of electronic sound and created a new genre called “techno-tribal.” Earthy and trance-inducing, it rescued electronic music from ethereal abstraction, grounded it in the sounds and rhythms of the natural world, and influenced the ecstatic electronic dance music of today.

On this transmission of Hearts of Space, we beat the drum and rattle the bones, on a journey called “DREAM TRACKER.” Shamanic poet JOSIE TAMARIN puts it this way:

The lost world waits in darkness and dream;
And in dreamworlds gods and goddesses
Beat the pulse of prayer
Dancing near blazing fires
Drumming toward greater light
Creating song from cries of loss
Fanning the glowing embers of the heart.


(quoted by MICHAEL HARNER in “The Way of the Shaman”)

Music by BYRON METCALF, DASHMESH KHALSA & STEVE ROACH; TERRA AMBIENT, CHAD KETTERING, TUU, and SCOTT AUGUST.

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PGM 1423 ‘ALTIPLANO 3’ : june 5-12

Long before Spanish explorers arrived at the western edge of South America, the rugged regions of Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador and Chile bordered by the Andes Mountains were home to native Inca tribes that defined traditional Andean folk music.

After the colonial period, the charango and the ronroco, small 10-string instruments derived from the early Spanish guitar called the vihuela, became popular. Today they dominate the genre, along with the quena — an end-blown reed flute, and the antara — a semi-circular panpipe with an airy tone that sounds brilliant in the high mountain air.

Andean music grew exponentially during the “World Music” trend of the 1970s and 80s, spawning hundreds of new groups, collaborations, and popular songs, while Harawi, an ancient traditional genre with slow, soulful, melodic songs played on the quena, shared an audience with New Age music. Those days are gone, but the genre has gained renewed attention in the 21st century from its use in major film scores by GUSTAVO SANTAOLALLA and others.

On this transmission of Hearts of Space, new Andean music by GUSTAVO SANTAOLALLA, AUKAI, JORGE ALFANO, OSCAR REYNOLDS, and AL LETHBRIDGE — inspired by the folk sounds of the high Andes plateau, on a program called “ALTIPLANO 3.”

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PGM 0873R ‘MORE AMBIENT COOL’ : may 29-june 5

Program 873 banner - Miles Davis

We begin with the mysterious “Fourth World” music of ambient trumpeter/composer JON HASSELL: an apparition arising out of the hazy cross-cultural soundscape between classical Indian vocal music, electronics, and cool jazz. It’s a sound that’s been widely influential in contemporary music for over 25 years — a popular atmospheric hybrid that defies category…by design.

On this transmission of Hearts of Space, we invoke the spirits of departed masters like JON HASSELL, cool jazz trumpeter MILES DAVIS, Indian vocalist master PANDIT PRAN NATH and electronics pioneer KARLHEINZ STOCKHAUSEN…on a journey called MORE AMBIENT COOL. Additional music by PAUL HASLINGER, TWILIGHT ARCHIVE, PAUL SCHUTZE, NELSON FOLTZ & TOM LYNN, TOM HEASLY, and HAROLD BUDD.

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PGM 1422 “ELYSIUM” : may 22-29

Perhaps the most impressive ability of ambient music is its power to create virtual environments with sound. And when those environments are rare, legendary, and metaphysical—then we’re operating on a different plane of existence.

Over a thousand years before digital electronics, ancient Greek mythology conceived of a luxurious “afterlife” at the western edge of the world, in a heavenly realm called “ELYSIUM” or the “ELYSIAN FIELDS.”  It was described as an “Isle of the Blessed”— an earthly paradise where the righteous, the heroic, and the chosen were sent by the Greek gods to enjoy a perfect afterlife— pursuing their favorite athletic and artistic activities in a realm of beauty, tranquility, and abundance.

On this transmission of HEARTS of SPACE, a journey to a virtual Isle of the Blessed, and an intimate contemporary sanctuary of sound, on a program called “ELYSIUM.” Music is by DAVID HELPLING, with SCOTT REICH & JON JENKINS, STEVE ROACH & SERENA GABRIEL, DRIFTING IN SILENCE & E J R M, and ASHERA.

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PGM 1113R “SWEET SERENITY” : may 15-22

In the 1970s a grassroots music movement emerged in the United States, Europe and Japan. Inspired by psychoactive chemistry and exotic forms of Eastern spirituality, enabled by inexpensive recording equipment and cheap publishing on cassettes, and supported by a burgeoning marketplace of specialized bookstores and boutiques, in the 1980s it received the dubious moniker “New Age Music.” It was all about relaxation and a sonic pathway to inner experience.

New opportunities for success in independent music are rare. What began as a promising new culture was soon overrun by less inspired artists and a glut of mediocre albums that left the genre with a reputation for extravagant marketing claims but insipid, boring music. Yet like most genres, there were always exceptional artists releasing sensitive, beautiful and worthwhile music — you just had to find them.

Today there’s been a revival of critical interest in the genre, with re-releases of lost classics and popular compilations. All the while, many of the best and most authentic New Age artists and record labels have quietly kept going. On this transmission of Hearts of Space, an hour of new age music worth listening to, on a program called “SWEET SERENITY.” Music is by PAUL AVGERINOS, ANIMA, DEUTER, SHERRY FINZER & MARK HOLLAND, UMA, IASOS, GANDALF, and LIQUID MIND.

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PGM 1421 “FLAMENCO FUSION 2” : may 8-15

The traditional acoustic sound of Flamenco…or rather, Flamenco Fusion: a mixture of cultural influences from the medieval world to the 20th century, looking forward to the Ambient spaces of today.

From its medieval roots in the 8th century Spanish province of Al-Andalus, after the Muslim conquest of the Iberian peninsula, the music of the Spanish region of Andalusia has been a cultural melting pot, absorbing Moorish influences from North Africa, Sephardic Jewish songs and melodies, and European folk music. With the addition of Romani gypsy influences in the 18th and 19th centuries, the music we now call Flamenco, with its fiery rhythms, dark harmonies, and passionate soul was born. It’s a genre with a signature ambience and feeling that’s attracted devoted fans all over the world.

On this transmission of Hearts of Space, we catch up with the evolving sound of Flamenco as it encounters Ambient space and sensibility, on a program called “FLAMENCO FUSION 2.” Music is by ADAM DEL MONTE, BILLY WHITE, TONY SILVA, ZSÓFIA BOROS, ESTÁS TONNÉ, and OTTMAR LIEBERT.

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PGM 1209R “THE INFINITE PIANO” : may 1-8

For an instrument that’s been around for over three hundred years, the piano continues to surprise. Ever since the arrival of popular electronic instruments, ambient musicians have been busy reinventing the sound and the setting of the piano.

Musically, the 19th century Romantic Classical composers who perfected the piano concerto inspired VANGELIS (and thousands of new age pianists) to create personal, “high affect,” emotionally-centered music—while the gentle, ironic French proto-ambient composer ERIK SATIE inspired others to create quiet, unpretentious miniatures. Still others have taken the instrument into cosmic space, where it chimes and sings across the starfields.

In the 21st century, the piano is (almost) everywhere.

On this transmission of Hearts of Space…(with appreciation to MICHAEL BROOK, creator of the Infinite Guitar) the evolving sound of “THE INFINITE PIANO.” Music is by VANGELIS, CHAD LAWSON, TOM EATON, BILL DOUGLAS, BEN LUKAS BOYSEN, and NILS FRAHM.

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PGM 1420 ‘STELLARIS’ : apr.24-may 1

The idea of traveling through interstellar or cosmic space must go back to prehistoric times, when early homo sapiens cast their eyes on the night sky… and wondered.

Imagination got an upgrade with the invention of the optical telescope in 1608, which brought the moon and our neighboring planets into focus, and revealed the number of stars in our home galaxy and beyond appeared to be…infinite.

The audacious idea of exploring the starfields also attracted musicians. Austrian composer FRANZ JOSEPH HAYDN’s monumental 1798 oratorio “THE CREATION” is a powerful early example, leading to classical favorites like GUSTAV HOLST’s 1920 orchestral suite “THE PLANETS.”

But the big move to cosmic imagery in music came in the mid-20th century, when German composer KARLHEINZ STOCKHAUSEN used the term “space music” to describe his early synthetic works, and went on to create music with outer space themes. His influence on European composers of electronic music (lubricated, to be sure, by psychedelic drugs) led to the German Kosmische Musik genre in the 1970s, which became one of the foundations of the Progressive Electronic, New Music, New Age, and Ambient genres.

On this transmission of Hearts of Space, it’s another journey in the cosmic starfields, on a program called “STELLARIS.” The word originated in the 1650s from the Late Latin, meaning “pertaining to a star.”

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